Motor



March 5,1929. J. JAYFFE 1,704,254

MOTOR Filed May 15, 1926 $Sheets-Sheet l 1 I I I ATTORNEY March 5, 1929.JAFFE 1,704,254

MOTOR Filed May 15, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORN March 5, 1929.J. JAFFE I 1,704,254

MOTOR Filed m 15, 1926 s Sheets-Sheet 5 I INVENTOR ATTOR EY mentscarried Patented Ma r. 5,1929.

UNITED STATE-S JOHN JAFFE, or BRO nor 1,704,254 PATENT OFFICE.

OKLYN, NEW YORK.

Application filed May 15, 1926. Serial No. 109,324.

The object of my invention is to provide a have shown three such vanesand simple, compact and efficient motor which shall be capable of a highpower duty without unduly stressing the parts. 7

In furtherance of these objects I have provided an engine wherein thepower is applied directly to a rotor. The space formed between the rotorand the stator is divided into one or more working chambers by a set of,vanes'carried b the rotor and a set of abuty the stator.

As an illustrationl have shown in the drawings, and will describe below,an em-g bodiment of my invention adapted to use hydrocarbon fuel as asource of power.

A further object of my invention is to provide a hydrocarbon enginewhich shall operate with the lower grades of fuel under conditions ofmaximum efliciency. For this, purpose I utilize part of the rotor statorspace to compress air into a mixing and ignition chamber separate from,but subject to the heat of the working chambers.

Other and further objects will appear from the description below takenin conjunction with the drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a View in'elevationof a preferred embodiment of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a section taken substantially along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1 theobserver standing on the plane of the drawing and looking in thedirection of the arrows.

Fig. 3 is a section taken along line 3-3 in Fig. 2 looking in thedirection of the arrows.

Fig. 4 is a detail View of one of the mechanical valves taken along line4- 1 in Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a development of the rotor and stator showing the parts ineach and their respondin number of parts, etc. It will become clearhowever that the number of vanes is not material and may be chosen forcon venience. Hereafter when I refer to three vanes, etc., itis to beunderstood that the description applies mutatis mutandis to any numberof vanes. v

The bearings 2, 2 are carried by stationary end plates 10, 11 which formthe stator and provide protective casings for the rotor and associatedparts. Flanges 12, 13 are castintegral with or otherwise securelyattached to end plates 10, 11 respectively, These ,flanges serve asadditional support for the rotor. End plates 10, 11 and flanges 12, 13enclose a space 14 which I utilize as a mixing and.igni tion chamber ina ,mauner to be described more fully below.

Secured to end plate 10 is a supporting member 15 in which aresuitably'journalled three shafts 16. The shafts 16 carry gears 17 whichmesh with gear 18 mounted "on shaft 1. These gears 17, 18 bear therelation 1:3 so that shafts 16 are each driven at thrice the speed ofthe main shaft.

Each shaft 16 drives, through bevel gears 19, 20, a wheel 21. There arethus three of these wheels equidistantly mounted at the periphery of thecasing. Each wheel is in the shape of a solid disc except for an angularopening 22 topermit the passage of the vanes,

which opening is cut radially inward for a distance suflicient to justaccommodate vane 9, and peripherally to an extent sufficient for thesame purpose. -The peripher of the disc is concaved as at'23 so as to tthe 'working surface 8 of rotor 7. By proper dimensioning of the parts,this fit may be madeas close as lation, the rotor structure being shownin full, necessary. The discs 21, which will be herethe stator structurein dash lines, and the position of the abutments'in dot and. dash lines.1

' Fig. 6 is a development of cams controlling the mechanical air andexhaust valves.

The main shaft of the engine 1 is supported in bearing 2, 2; and carriesfixed to it by any suitable means, such as key 4, sleeve 5 and arms 6,the rotor 7. The. rotor 7 is a solid of revolution having a workingsurface 8, the cross-section of which is substantially an arc of acircle. Secured to the rotor are a plurality of equidistant vanes 9,whlch may as shown in Fig. 5, extend diagonally across the workingsurface of the rotor. In the emb d ment cho en for illustrati n Iinafter referred to as the abutments aremounted with their shafts 24perpendicular to the shaft 1 so that they rotate across and in contactwith rotor 7. The end plate 10 has an annular extension 10, which,together with the rotating abutments' 2'1 and vanes 9, provides chambers26, 27 for expansion and compression respectively as will be-more fullydescribed below.

The end plate 10 is provided with three valve cages 28 for the admissionof airand three valve cages 29 for the exhaust. Each of these va'lvecages accommodates a valve 30 which may be of the same structure forboth intake and exhaust. Turning to Fig. 4,

it will be seen that each valve 30 comprises a,

hollow sleeve provided with a port 31 adapted to register with a port 32in the casing, a stem' 33, and 'an operating rod 34 engaged there-"*cams all told.

with and adapted to reciprocate the sleeve so as to cover and uncoverthe port 32. The operating rod.34 is mounted in a hanger 35 arried'bysupporting member 15. A cam 36 m'ounted on gear 18 operates the rod 34to conditions under which the engine operates.

The rotor 7 may be viewed as divided longitudinally into two zonescorresponding to the two flanges 12 and 13. The flange 12 and thecorresponding side of the rotor are provided with ports for controllingthe passage of working gases from the ignition chamber to the expansionportions of the rotor. The

flange 13 and its corresponding side are provided with ports forcontrolling the passage of compressed air from the compression por:tions of the rotor to the mixing chamber.

Referring to Fig. 5 wherein the full lines indicate rotor structure andthe dot-ted lines stator structure, it will be seen that the rotor isprovided with a series of ports 38 spaced laterally on the air side,each port being'located just ahead of its corresponding vane and with aseries of ports 39 spaced laterally on the power side, each such portbeing located just behind its corresponding vane. The stator flange 12is provided with a series of slots 40 to register with correspondingports 39 in the rotor, each slots 40 beginning at a correspondingabutment and extending circumferentially for a substantial distance,though. less than 120 degrees. The exact length of the slot 40 will, ofcourse, be different in different engines. The stator flange 13 isprovided with two series of ports, one series of ports 41 being ratherlong and the other series 42 being comparatively short.

The ports 41 and 42 are so located as to perlnit each port 38 toregister with a port 42 and a port 41 in succession. 7

Referring to Fig. 5. it will be seen that port 42 opens ahead of thesucceeding abutment while port 41 opens somewhat behind the thirdabutment;

The mixing and ignition chamber is provided with a spark plug 43, andinjector 44,

or other device for supplying fuel, and an exhaust port 45. Integralwith, or otherwise secured to sleeve 5 is a disc 46 having a port 47adapted to register periodically with port 45. Additional spark plugs 48may be provided adjacent ports 32 and ensure complete combustion of thefuel. In Fig. 3, ports 38 and 41, 39 and 40, and and 47 have been shownperipherally displaced and in register in order to more, clearlyindicate their structural relations; and it is to be understood thatthis showing has no significance as to timing. 7 i

The fuel is injected or otherwise intro duced into chamber 14 and, dueto the motion of the arms 6, is rapidly mixed with the compressed airtherein. Shortly before ports 39 register with the corresponding ports40, the fuel mixture is ignited. The subsequent cycle of operations needonly be described with reference to one vane, as the same operationsoccur at each vane simultaneously. I will describe the operation of theengine with respect to the vane 9 which is shown at the position marked0 and 360 degrees in Fig. 5.

At the point of the cycle denoted by 120 degrees in Fig. 5, the vaneunder consideration has moved 120 degrees and is just passing throughthe opening in the second abutment. The port 39 behind this vane isbeginning to register with the port 40 shown in Fig. 5 as beginning atthe 120 degree line and the products of combustion begin to pass fromthe ignition chamber to the left side of the vane as seen in Fig. 2. Itis to be noted that, simultaneously, each of the other ports 39 isbeginning to register with its corresponding port 40. The abutmentcloses behind the vane forming with the latter and the casing anexpansible chamber into which gases under pressure are pouring. Thesupply of power gas'continues until port 39 moves out of register withport 40 and then additional expansion of the power gases in i in theworking chamber takes place.

Referring to Fig. 6 it will be seen that the exhaust valve 29 opensabout 90 degrees after the beginning of the power stroke and re mainsopen for about degrees. During the power stroke, air has been compressedbetween the vane 9 and the succeeding abutment. As the vane approachesthe end of its power stroke, port 45 in the ignition chamber opens; andshortly thereafter port 38 registers with port 42 and air, that has beencompressed ahead of the vane 9 during the power stroke. enters andscavenges the combustion chamber until port 45 closes.

Shortly after the end of the power stroke, the'vane under considerationpasses through the abutment located at the 240 degree position in Fig.5; and the air valve 28 is opened as shown in Fig. 6 and air is drawn inbehind the vane for 120 degrees. This vane then passes through theabutment located at the 360 degree position in Fig. 5 and compresses theair which has been drawn in by the preceding vane. When port 38registers with port 41 in the stator this air is pushed into thecombustion chamber. At the same time the valve 28 is kept open foralmost 120 degrees i the periphery of the rotor.

eration for subsequent use in scavenging, as

has been explained before. As the vane approaches the beginning of itspower stroke, i. e. the position marked 120 degrees in Figs. 5 and 6,the air valve closes, fuel is injected into the combustion chamber andthe cycle recommences.

The corresponding phases of the cycle occur simultaneously at each ofthe other vanes so as to distribute the stress equally about tivelylarge volume of air handled by the rotor aids in cooling the workingsurfaces.

Having thus described any invention, I claim:

1. In a motor, a rotary shaft, end plates stationarily mounted andprovided with means defining two annular concentric spaces, arotormounted upon and attached to the shaft in such manner as to move inone of the said annular spaces, means carried by the rotor and the endplates fordefining working chambers, means for introducing air and fuelto the other of said annular spaces, means for mixing and igniting theair and fuel .in said other annular space, means for passing theproducts of combustion from the said other annular space to the workingchambers, and means for exhausting the working chambers.

'2. In a motor, a rotary shaft, end plates stationarily mounted andprovided with flanges defining two annular concentric spaces, a rotormounted upon and attached to the shaft in such manner as to move in oneof said annular spaces and against the flanges separating the twoannularspaces. means carried by the rotor and by the end plates fordefining working chambers, means for introducing air and fuelto theother of said annular spaces, means for mixing and igniting the air andfuel in said other annular space, and means comprising ports in theflanges second mentioned and in the rotor for passing the products ofcombustion from the said other annular space to the working chambers,and means for exhausting the working chambers.

3. In a motor, a rotaryshaft, end plates stationarily mounted andprovided with means defining two annular concentric spaces, a rotormounted on and attached to the shaft in such manner as to move in one ofsaid annular spaces, means carried by the ro tor and by the end platesfor defining working and compression chambers, means for introducing airto the compression chambers for compression therein, means for passingthe compressed air to the other of said annular spaces, means forintroducing fuel to said other annular space, means for mixing andigniting the a1r and fuel in said other annular space, means for passingthe products of combustion to the working chambers,

The comparaand means for exhausting the working chambers.

4. Ina motor, a rotary shaft, end plates to the shaft in such manner asto move in one.

of said annular spaces and against the flanges separating the twoannular spaces, means carried by the rotor and by the end plates fordefining working and compression chambers in one of said annular spaces,means for introducing air to the compression chambers for compremiontherein, means comprising ports in the rotor and ports in the flangessecond mentioned for passing compressed air to the other of said annularspaces, means for introducing fuel to said other annular space, meansfor mixing and igniting the air and fuel in said other annular space,means for passing the products of combustion to the working chambers,and means for exhausting the working chambers.

5. In a. motor, a rotary shaft, end plates stationarily. mounted andprovided with flanges defining two annular concentric spaces, a'rotormounted upon and attached to the shaft in such manner as to move in oneof said annular spaces and against the flanges separating the twoannular spaces, means carried by the rotor and by the end platesfordefining working and compression chambers in one of said annular spaces,means for introducing air to the compression chambers for compressiontherein, means comprising-ports in the rotor and ports in the flangessecond mentioned for passing compressed air to the other of said annularspaces, means for introducing fuel to said other annular space, meansfor mixing and igniting the air and fuel in said other annular space,means comprising ports in the rotor and ports in the flanges secondmentioned for passing the products of combustion from the said otherannular space to the working chambers, and means for exhausting theworking chambers.

6. In a motor, members forming a rotor and a. stator, said rotor andstator inclosing an annular space, a plurality of vanes carried by therotor, and an equal plurality of movable abutments carried by the statorfor dividing the said annular space into cham hers, a mixing andignition chamber formed in, the stator, means for introducing fuel tosaid last mentioned chamber, means whereby power gases from the ignitionchamber are admitted between each vane and its adjacent abutment toprovide a power stroke, means whereby air is admitted in advance of eachvane for subsequent compression, means whereby air 'so compressedis ledto the ignition chamber for scavenging purposes, means for admitting airbehind each vane for subsequent compression, and means whereby the airsocompressed is led to the mixingchamher to be mixed With fuel, andmeans for igniting the mixture of air and fuel thus formed.

' 7. In a motor, members forming a rotor and a stator, said rotor andstator cooperating t9 define two annular spaces, one of said spacesbeing a mixing and ignition chamber,

pression chambers, means whereby com-- pressed ail-from a plurality ofthe compression chambers is simultaneously introduced to the mixingchamber at points spaced apart upon the periphery thereof, and means forleading ignited gases from thismixing and moi-e541 ignition chamber tothe Working chambers.

8. In a motor, members forming a rotor and a stator, said rotorand'stator cooperating to provide a central mixingand ignition chamberand an annular space concentric therewith, means carried by the rotorand by the stator and extending into the said annular space andcooperating to divide it into a plurality of Working and compressionchambers, means for introducing air to the compression chambers, meanswhereby compressed air from a plurality of the compression chambers issimultaneouslyintroduced to the mixing chamber at points spaced'apart onthe periphery thereof and means for leading ignited gases from themixing and ignition chamber to the Working chambers. y

JOHN JAFFE.

